Predicting undergraduate students’ intentions to enrol in postgraduate studies: a test of the theory of planned behaviour
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59645/abr.v12i1%20&%202.7Keywords:
Career development, Decision making, Education management, Higher education, Student enrolment, TanzaniaAbstract
Upon graduation from undergraduate studies, students are faced with two options: to enrol in higher studies or to join the job market. However, little is known as to what influence undergraduate students’ decisions to progress to postgraduate studies. This study uses the Theory of Planned Behaviour to examine the intention of undergraduate students to enrol in postgraduate programs. The study surveyed 397 undergraduate students in their final year of business and education programs from three universities in Tanzania. The results supported the use of the model in predicting postgraduate enrolment intentions. In particular, the study shows that perceived behavioural control, subjective norms, and attitude toward enrolment have a statistically significant positive effect on students’ intentions to enrol in postgraduate studies. Further, the study reveals that subjective norms exert the strongest effect on enrolment intentions. Some wider implications from theoretical and practical points of view for Higher Education administrators were also derived
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behaviour. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211.
Ajzen, I. (2011). The Theory of Planned Behaviour: Reactions and Reflections. Psychology & Health, 26 (9), 1113-1127.
Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the Theory of Planned Behaviour: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 471-499.
Basic Education Statistics in Tanzania (June, 2012). National Data. Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, the United Republic of Tanzania.
Chen, I. J & Yang, C. (2007). Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Understand In-service Kindergarten Teachers’ Behaviour to Enrol in a Graduate Level Academic Program. Journal of college teaching & learning 4(11), 13-17.
Cooke, R., & French, D. P. (2008). How well do the theory of reasoned action and theory of planned behaviour predict intentions and attendance at screening programmes? A meta-analysis. Psychology and Health, 23, 745-765.
Eagan, M. K. Jr. & Newman C. B. (2010). Investing in Human Capital: Underrepresented Racial Minorities’ Intentions to attend Graduate School in STEM Fields. University of California, Los Angeles.
Edmonds, T., Flanagan, D. J. & Palmer, T. B. (2013). Law School Intentions of Undergraduate Business Students. American Journal of Business Education 6(3), 279-290.
Field, A. (2005). Discovering statistics using SPSS (2nd Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and Changing Behaviour: The Reasoned Action approach. New York: Psychology Press. Previewed from http://books.google.co.tz/books?id=2rKXqb2ktPAC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
Hair, E. Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B.J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (6th ed,). New York: Macmillan.
Ingram, K. L., Cope, J. G., Harju, B. L., & Wuensch, K. L. (2000). Applying to Graduate School: A Test of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Journal of Social Behaviour and Personality, 15(2), 215-226.
Jepsen, M. D. & Neumann, R. (2010). Undergraduate Student Intentions for Postgraduate Study. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 32(5), 455-466.
Jepsen, M. D. & Varhegyi, M. M (2011). Awareness, Knowledge and Intentions for Postgraduate Study. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 33(6), 605-617. DOI:10.1080/1360080X.2011.621187
Jin, T. (2012). The Intention to Enrol in Medicare part D: An Analysis in the Pre-Medicare Eligible Population. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Minnesota, Minnnesota.
Lim, L.L. and Zailani, S.H.M. (2012). Determinants Influencing Intention to Enrol in an Online MBA Programme. International Journal of Business Information Systems, 9(1), 51-88.
McEachan, R.R.C., Conner, M., Taylor, N.J., & Lawton, R.J. (2011). Prospective Prediction of Health-Related Behaviours with the Theory of Planned Behaviour: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 5, 97-144. doi: 10.1080/17437199.2010.521684.
Matherly, L.L. (2012). A Causal Model Predicting Student Intention to Enrol Moderated by University Image: Using Strategic Management to Create Competitive Advantage in Higher Education. International Journal of Management in Education, 6(½), 38-55.
McDaniel, C. & Gates, R. 1999. Contemporary marketing research. 4th Edition. South Western University Publications: Cincinnatti.
Millet, C. M. (2003). How undergraduate loan debt affects application and enrolment in graduate or first professional school? The Journal of Higher Education, 74(4), 386-427.
Scarbecz, M & Ross, J, A. (2007). The Relationship between Gender and Postgraduate Aspirations among First and Fourth Year Students at Public Dental Schools: A Longitudinal Analysis. Journal of Dental Education, 71(6), 797-809.
Sheu, T. (2011). A Comprehensive Model for Explaining University Students’ Favourable Behavioural Intentions. Journal of Quality 18 (1).
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education Inc.
Taheri, Z. (2011). An Investigation of the Effective Factors on Students’ Motivational Beliefs: The Case of Iranian Students. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 1, 62-68.
Teowkul, K., Seributra, N. J., Sangkaworn, C., Jivasantikarn, C., Denvilai, S. & Mujtaba, B. G. (2009). Motivational factors of graduate Thai students pursuing master and doctoral degrees in business. RU International Journal, 3(1), 25-53.
Tanzania Education Sector Analysis (2010). Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, the United Republic of Tanzania.
Varhegyi, M.M., & Jepsen, D.M. (2009b). Undergraduate Student Aspirations, Awareness and Knowledge of Postgraduate Study Options: A Cross-Institutional Examination. Paper presented at the Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management Conference, Melbourne.
Wu, K. S. and Teng, Y. M. (2011). Applying the Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour to Predict the Intention of Visiting a Green Hotel. African Journal of Business Management Vol. 5(17), 7579-7587.
Zoellner, J., Estabrooks, P. A., Davy, B. M., Chen, Y. & You, W. (2012). Exploring the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Explain Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption. Journal of Nutrition Education Behaviour, 44, 172-177.