Factors Affecting the Adoption and Use of Internet Banking In Tanzania
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59645/tji.v1i1.44Keywords:
Internet banking, Trust, Web Assessment Index, Structural equation modeling (SEM), Service Quality, Transactional, surveyAbstract
This paper evaluates the use of Internet banking services in Tanzania. In surveying and evaluating selected bank websites in Tanzania, factors that affect the adoption and usage of Internet banking have been identified. The respondents were drawn from six (6) Banks in Arusha City using convenient and judgmental sampling. 284 surveyed questionnaires were distributed with five (5) instruments and nineteen (19) measurement items; only 275 were completed and collected for further analysis. The population of this study focused on potential bank customers who were internet users. Judgment and convenient sampling were employed to provide the information required. Data was analyzed using a combination of Web Assessment Index and the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method. The findings from surveyed bank websites and SEM show that ease of use, service quality, trust and transactional factors significantly affect the use of internet banking. The obtained findings provide useful insight for bank managers in developing appropriate marketing strategies to meet customer satisfaction and will assist both practitioners and academicians in doing future empirical research to understand better common factors for both users and banks as all of them are key players in the success of internet banking services.
References
Aboobucker, I., & Bao, Y. (2018). What obstruct customer acceptance of internet banking? Security and privacy, risk, trust and website usability and the role of moderators. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 1(29), 109-123. doi.org/10.1016/j.hitech.2018.04.010
Ahmad, A. (2006). Policies & Regulations for Expanding e-banking to the Poor. http://www.bwtp.org/pdfs/arcm/Policies%20%20 Regulation%20for%20e-Bank.pdf
Akinci, S., Aksoy, S., & Atilgan, E. (2004). Adoption of Internet banking among sophisticated consumer segments in an advanced developing country. The International Journal of Bank Marketing, 3(22), 212-232.
Allied Market Research(2020) Mobile Banking Market by Transaction, and Platform : Global Opportunity Analysis and Industry Forecast, 2019–2026. https://www.reportlinker.com/p05869017/Mobile-Banking-Market-by-Transaction-and- Platform-Global-Opportunity-Analysis-and-Industry-Forecast-.html
Al-Hajri, S. (2008). The Adoption of e-Banking: The Case of Omani Banks. http://www.wbiconpro.com/120-Al-Hajri,S.pdf
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211
Banan, M. (2010). E-banking and managerial challenges. Georgian Electronic Scientific Journal, 1(24), 13-23.
Bashir, I., & Madhavaiah, C. (2014). Determinants of young consumers’ intention to use Internet banking services in India. The Journal of Business Perspective, 18(3), 153–163. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972262914538369
Bhat, M. A., & Tariq, S. (2020). Factors Affecting Adoption of Internet Banking: A Study of Jammu and Kashmir with Special Reference to J & K Bank. MUDRA: Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(1), 111-125. https://www.journalpressindia.com/
Chakrabartty, S. N. (2013). Best Split-Half and Maximum Reliability. IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education, 3(1), 1-8. http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jrme/papers/Vol- 3%20Issue-1/A0310108.pdf
Chmielarz,W & Zborowski,M.(2020). Towards Sustainability in E-Banking Website Assessment Methods. Sustainability, 12(17), 3-25
Chiou, J. S., & Shen, C. C. (2012). The antecedents of online financial service adoption: The impact of physical banking services on Internet banking acceptance. Behaviour & Information Technology, 31(9), 859–871.
Chung, W., & Paynter, J. (2002). An Evaluation of Internet Banking in New Zealand. In Proceedings of 35th Hawaii Conference in System Sciences (HICSS 2002).
Civelek, M. E. (2018). Essentials of Structural Equation Modeling. Zea E-Books. doi:10.13014/K2SJ1HR5
Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA). (2021, March). QUARTERLY COMMUNICATIONS STATISTICS. https://www.tcra.go.tz/uploads/text- editor/files/TelCom%20Statistics%20March%202021_1623060175.pdf
Davis, F. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–339.
Elias, J. D., & Lubua, E. W (2021). The impact of usability, functionality and reliability on users’ satisfaction during library system’s adoption. Journal of Informatics, 1(1), 13-21
DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 9–30.
Diniz, E., Porto, M. R., & Tomi, A. (2005). Internet Banking in Brazil: Evaluation of Functionality, Reliability and Usability. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems Evaluation, 8(1), 41-50. www.ejise.com
Fan, Y.,Chen,J.,Shirkey, G., John, R., Wu,S., Park,H and Shao,H.(2016) Applications of structural equation modeling (SEM) in ecological studies: an updated review. Ecological Processes,(5)19, 1-12. From https://ecologicalprocesses.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13717-016-0063-3.pdf
GSMA Association. (2121). Tanzania: Driving social and economic value through mobile-sector tax reform. GSMA HEAD OFFICE. https://www.gsma.com/publicpolicy/wp- content/uploads/2021/04/GSMA_Mobile_taxation_in_Tanzania_2021.pdf
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Washington, DC: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Halawi, L., & McCarthy, R. (2006). Which Theory Applies: An Analysis of Information Systems Research. Issues in Information Systems, 7(2). Retrieved from https://commons.erau.edu/publication/317
Haque, A. (2009). Electronic Transaction of Internet Banking and its Perception of Malaysian online Customers. African Journal of Business Management, 6(3), 248-259.
Haradhan, M. (2017). Two Criteria for Good Measurements in Research: Validity and Reliability.
Annals of Spiru Haret University, 17(3), 58-82. https://mpra.ub.uni- muenchen.de/83458/1/MPRA_paper_83458.pdf
Hashim, A., & Chaker, M. (2008). Customers' perception of online banking in Qatar. Oxford Business &Economics Conference Program. www.gcbe.us/2008_OBEC/data/Abdulaziz,%20Abdul razaq%20Hashim,%20Mohammed%20N.%20Chaker.doc
Hoyle, R. H. (1995). The structural equation modeling approach: Basic concepts and fundamental issues. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Internet World Stats. (2021). World Internet Users and 2021 Population Stats. Internet Usage Statistics. Retrieved June Monday, 12, 2021, from https://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm
Israel, G. D. (2013). Determining Sample Size. Retrieved 8 25, 2019, from http://www.gjimt.ac.in/web/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/2_Glenn-D.-Israel_Determining- Sample-Size.pdf
Jayaram, J., Kannan, V., & Tan, K. (2004). Influence of initiators on supply chain value creation.
International Journal of Production Research, 42(20), 4377-4399.
Jolly, V. (2016). The influence of internet banking on the efficiency and cost savings for banks’ customers. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management” (IJSSM), 3(3), 163- 170.
Joppe, M. (2000). The Research Process. The Quantitative Report Journal, 8(4), 597-607. http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR8- 4/golafshani.pdf
Khan HH, Ahmad RB, Chan SG (2018) Market structure, bank conduct and bank performance: Evidence from ASEAN. J Policy Model 40(5):934–958
Kimberlin, C. L., & Winterstein, A. G. (2008). Validity and Reliability of Measurement Instruments Used in Research. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacists, 65(1), 2276- 2284.
Lai, P. C. (2018). Single platform e-payment system consumers’ intention to use. Journal of Information Technology Management, 29(2), 22-28. https://jitm.ubalt.edu/XXIX- 2/article2.pdf
Lichtenstin, S. & Williamson, K. (2006). Understanding consumer adoption of Internet banking: an interpretive study in the Australian banking context. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research,7 (2), 50-66
Laudon, K., & Laudon, J. (2009). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm
(11th ed.). London: Prentice Hall.
Malhotra,P., & Singh,B.(2007) Determinants of Internet banking adoption by banks in India. Journal of Internet Research. 17( 3), 323-339
Mansour, K. B. (2016). An analysis of business’ acceptance of internet banking: An integration of e-trust to the TAM. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 31, 982–94.
Miranda, F. J., Cortés, R., & Barriuso, C. (2006). Quantitative Evaluation of e-Banking Web Sites: an Empirical Study of Spanish Banks. The Electronic Journal Information Systems Evaluation, 9(2), 73 - 82. www.ejise.com
Miranda, F. J., Cortés, R., & Barriuso, C. (2006). Quantitative Evaluation of e-Banking Web Sites: an Empirical Study of Spanish Banks. The Electronic Journal Information Systems Evaluation, 9(2), 73-82. www.ejise.com
Nazaritehrani, A., & Mashali, B. (2020). Development of E-banking channels and market share in developing countries. Financial Innovation, 6(12), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854- 020-0171-z
Nemoto, T., & Beglar, D. (2014, In N. Sonda & A. Krause (Eds.)). Developing Likert-scale questionnaires. JALT2013 Conference Proceedings.
Oliver, V. (2010). 301 Smart Answers to Tough Business Etiquette Questions. Skyhorse Publishing: New York, USA.
Onay, C., & Ozsoz, E. (2013). The impact of Internet-Banking on Brick and Mortar Branches: The Case of Turkey. Journal of Financial Services Research, 44(2), 187-204.
Parasuraman, A., Zeitham, V. A., & Berry, A. A. (1988). SERVQUAL: A Multiple-Item Scale For Measuring Consumer Perceptions Of Service Quality. Journal Of Retailing, Spring, 64(1), 12-40.
Rahi, S., & Abd-Ghani, M. (2019). Integration of expectation confirmation theory and self- determination theory in Internet banking continuance intention. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 10(3), 533–550. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-06-2018-
Rogers, E.M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York: Free Press.
Rowley, J. (2014). Designing and using research questionnaires. Management Research Review, 37(3), 308-330.
Sepasgozar, F. M., Ramzani, U., Ebrahimzadeh, S., Sargolzae, S., & Sepasgozar, S. (2020).
Technology Acceptance in e-Governance: A Case of a Finance Organization. Journal of Risk Financial Management, 1-17. doi:10.3390/jrfm13070138
Singh, S. (2019). Measuring E-Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction with Internet Banking in India. Theoretical Economics Letters, 9, 308-326. https://www.scirp.org/pdf/TEL_2019022212022393.pdf
Skvarciany, V., & Jureviˇciene, D. (2018). Factors Influencing Individual Customers Trust in Internet Banking: Case of Baltic States. Sustainability, 10, 1-17. doi:10.3390/su10124809
Stoica, O., Mehdian, S., & Sargu, A. (2015). The impact of internet banking on the performance of Romanian banks: DEA and PCA approach. 7th International Conference on Globalization and Higher Education in Economics and Business Administration, GEBA 2013. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
SUDARSONO, H., NUGROHOWATI, I. R. N., & TUMEWANG, Y. K. (2020). The Effect of
Covid-19 Pandemic on the Adoption of Internet Banking in Indonesia: Islamic Bank and Conventional Bank. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(11), 789- 800. https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO202032462597136.view?orgId=kodisa
Taherdoost, H. (2018). A review of technology acceptance and adoption models and theories.
Procedia Manufacturing, 22, 960-967. doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2018.03.137
Thatcher, R. W. (2010). Validity And Reliability of Quantitative Electroencephalography (qEEG).
Journal of Neurotherapy, 14, 122-152.
Vukovic, M., Pivac, S., & Kundid, D. (2019). Technology acceptance model for the Internet banking acceptance in split. Business Systems Research, 10(2), 124–140.
Vyas, S. (2012). Impact of E-Banking on Traditional Banking Services. International Journal of Computer Science & Communication Networks, 2(3), 310-313. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/25807271.pdf
Wolf, E. J., Harrington, K. M., Clark, S. L., & Miller, M. W. (2013). Sample size requirements for structural equation models: An evaluation of power, bias, and solution propriety.
Educational and Psychological Measurement, 73, 913-934. doi: 10.1177/0013164413495237
Yu, P. L., Balaji, M. S., & Khong, K. W. (2015). Building trust in internet banking: A trustworthiness perspective. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 115(2), 235–252.
Zeithaml, V. A. (2002). Service excellence in electronic channels. Managing Service Quality, 12(3), 135-139.
Zhu, R. (2015). An Initial Study of Customer Internet Banking Security Awareness and Behaviour in China. Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS). https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/301365292.pdf